What Happened? ESL lesson thumbnail
Book 6 · Unit 9Pre-Intermediate · Ages 10–13

What Happened?

This present perfect ESL lesson practises recent actions with just, already and yet. Students infer what has happened, complete sentence prompts and ask questions such as 'Have you done your homework?' They write My Day So Far and roleplay a parent-and-child conversation about completed and unfinished chores.

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Lesson format

2 × 45 minutes

Level

Pre-Intermediate

Age group

Ages 10–13

Main focus

Speaking first

What students will learn

• Use have/has + past participle to describe recent events
• Ask and answer questions about completed actions
• Understand and apply just, already, and yet
• Form positive, negative and question forms of present perfect
• Write sentences describing their day so far
• Perform a present-perfect roleplay

Lesson flow

Students guess recent actions ('You have just dropped your pen!'), drill present perfect forms with just/already/yet, and practise mini conversations like 'Have you done your homework? Yes, I've just finished it.' The second lesson watches a What Has Just Happened? video, completes 'He has just ___' / 'They haven't ___ yet' prompts, writes 'My Day So Far' with five present-perfect sentences, and roleplays a parent asking 'Have you cleaned your room?'

Target language

  • • Have/has + past participle
  • • Just, already, yet
  • • Present perfect questions and negatives
  • • 'Have you ever...?'

Key vocabulary

  • broke
  • broken
  • just
  • accident
  • has just
  • present perfect
  • phone
  • arm
  • leg
  • describe

Speaking questions students answer

  • • Have you done your homework?
  • • Has she eaten yet?
  • • Have you ever seen a bear?
  • • What has just happened here?
  • • Have you cleaned your room?

Recommended teaching contexts

• Pre-Intermediate ESL and EFL classes• Ages 10–13• Primary school classrooms• Language schools• Private and small-group lessons• Teaching time vocabulary• Pair and whole-class speaking• Interactive whiteboards and online teaching

Why this lesson works

The lesson follows a clear progression: Guess recent actions in a What's Just Happened? warm-up, ask 'Have you done your homework?' using just/already/yet, write 'My Day So Far' and roleplay a parent-and-child chat. Teachers can open the materials and start immediately, while students move from supported vocabulary practice to purposeful spoken English.

This lesson includes

• Interactive lesson slides
• Teacher guide
• Printable worksheets
• Speaking practice: "Have you done your homework?"
• Classroom games
• Videos
• Vocabulary practice
• Pair work
• Extension activities

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